First Day of Western Civilization

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PAGE 34 OF WESTERN CIV. TEXTBOOK NUMBERS ONE AND THREE:

1.)
Fertile Crescent: A desert climate that dominates the landscape between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea in Southwest Asia. The regions curved shape and richness of land is why it is called the Fertile Crescent.
Mesopotamia: Land facing the Mediterranean Sea (between Tigris and Euphrates rivers)
City-state: City-states included their own government and their own ruler (like an independent country today functions)
Dynasty: Series of rulers from a single family
Cultural diffusion: The process in which a new idea/product spreads from one culture to another.
Polytheism: The belief in more than one god (Sumerians were polytheistic)
Empire: An empire brings several people, nations, or previously independent states under the control of one ruler.
Hammurabi: He created Hammurabi's code and ruled the Babylonian Empire

2.) These were the three environmental challenges to Sumerians:

  • Unpredictable flooding combined with periods of little to no rain caused land to be very dry. It sometimes became like a desert.
  • There were no natural barriers for protection. A Sumerian village was nearly defenseless.
  • Natural resources of Sumer were limited. Building materials and other necessary items were scarce.


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