Defining Rome Terms

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  • Republic - A form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.
  • Patricians - Wealthy landowners who held most of the power in Rome.
  • Plebeians - The common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population.
  • Tribunes - Representatives who protected the rights of plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials.
  • Consul - Officials who, like kings, commanded the army and directed the government (Rome had two consuls).
  • Senate - The aristocratic branch of Rome's government, which had both legislative and administrative functions in the republic.
  • Dictator - A leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army (would be appointed in time of crisis)
  • Legion - A large military unit which was made of 5,000 heavily armed foot soldiers (infantry).
  • Punic Wars - Rome and Carthage fought in a war between 264-146 BC. The Punic Wars consisted of three wars, which eventually resulted in victory of the Romans.
  • Hannibal - A 29-year-old Carthaginian general who was a brilliant military strategist and fought against the Romans in the Punic Wars.













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