Test Verification and Notes

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   I will be taking the Ancient Rome test at 1:25-2:15 on June 2.

Notes on slides 32-42:

  • To keep the plebs happy, Rome hoped for two things: bread and circuses
    • Bread = free grain from the state
    • Circus = entertainment to keep the plebs distracted and quiet (Circus Maximus, Colosseum) 

  • Tiberius Gracchus knew it was important to have the plebs on his side (even though he didn't).
  • To do this, every land the military conquered, they gave a piece to the plebs.
  • Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE) was the best!!!
  • He conquered the huge territory of Gaul.
  • He also made people happy and made friends of high status like Pompey and Crassus
    • First Triumvirate (“rule of three men”) ^^^
  • JC conquered Gaul and crossed the Rubicon (River in Italy) = "the point of no return"
  • JC served consul (1 yr), was governor of Gaul
  • Pompey = his rival because was jealous
  • Pompey and JC's armies clash (Greece, Asia, Spain, and Egypt) Caesar always won
  • 44BC - JC is named dictator (6 months, then life)
  • Reforms:
    • People in provinces were given citizenship
    • Put his friends in the Senate
    • Gave poor people jobs in pubic work projects
    • Increased soldier pay
    • Made colonies for people to own property even if they didn't have land
  • JC was assassinated
    • By Brutus (his ally) because the Senate saw his power as a threat
    • He was stabbed 23 times!!!
    • Senators were not punished
    • Octavian = only hier
  • JC's assassination = end of republic

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